Repeated thevenin and norton transformations

This is example circuit, we have to calculate Norton current which passes through RL. To find Norton current, RL must be replaced by short-circuit and calculate In current.

Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Example How to use this theorem? Step 2: Find the desired voltage value in step 1 circuit. It is 16 V. Step 3: Analyze the circuit with another source and calculate result. Step 4: The same of step 3, but with other source. Step 5: Algebraic sum of results from steps 2, 3 and 4. Procedure to apply this theorem. Example This circuit will be the example. Example This is example circuit, we have to calculate Norton current which passes through RL.

We can demonstrate this equivalence by connecting our test current source again:. Of course, internal to the black box, this neglects other possibly nonlinear effects, such as a resistor overheating. But if we assume a purely linear circuit, or a linearized model of a nonlinear circuit, then this equivalent circuit performs the same and is much easier to think about and analyze.

Being able to make a simplified linear model of a pair of terminals is incredibly useful, especially once we start connecting multiple subsystems together. For example, in a power supply, we can examine how much voltage will drop as we increase the current load.

By simplifying these problems into the simplest possible form — often just a single equivalent resistance value that we call input impedance or output impedance — we can rapidly determine these effects without considering the entire system within. Starting from a linear circuit, finding a Thevenin equivalent circuit by hand is usually quite simple:. Advanced Circuit Solve Example. For one circuit like the one above, we can construct multiple different Thevenin equivalent circuits because we can choose which pair of nodes to look at.

Note that the Thevenin equivalent circuits we find looking into different pairs of terminals will be very different from each other! Exercise Click to open and simulate the circuit above. Now, we can simplify the circuit by inspection. Any nonzero resistance in parallel with a zero resistance wire will always have zero current through the finite resistance. The current will always follow the zero-resistance path instead.

As a result, we can actually delete R1, R2, and R3 entirely:. Our equivalent resistance is just:. For step 4: we can use superposition again, leaving only our test current source Itest. The voltage sources V1 and V2 are set to zero by being replaced by wires, and current source I1 is set to zero by being removed:. Now, we can make a few simplifications by inspection.

First, we can delete resistor R4 since one end is hanging unconnected and it will have no effect on the circuit. Then, we can swing R1 around to be side-by-side with R2 and R3, as all three resistors are connected between the same pair of nodes:. Note that as Itest increases in the direction drawn, the voltage at node B rises. This negative slope is still the equivalent resistance.

Using Method 2 Voltage source transformation. Find the value of RL so that power transferred is maximum. What is the maximum value of Power transferred to RL? Hint: Thevenin Theorem. V Th , can be calculated from voltage division. Thevenin equivalent circuit will be Maximum power transfer. Hence, the power will be.